History of Ecuadors San Francisco De Quito

History of Ecuador's San Francisco De Quito The city of San Francisco de Quito (for the most part basically called Quito) is the capital of Ecuador and the second-biggest city in the country after Guayaquil. It is halfway situated on a level high in the Andes Mountains. The city has a long and fascinating history dating from pre-Colombian occasions to the present. Pre-Colombian Quito Quito involves a calm, fruitful level high (9,300 feet/2,800 meters above ocean level) in the Andes Mountains. It has a decent atmosphere and has been involved by individuals for quite a while. The main pioneers were the Quitu individuals: they were in the end enslaved by the Caras culture. At some point in the fifteenth century, the city and locale were vanquished by the compelling Inca Empire, based out of Cuzco toward the south. Quito thrived under the Inca and before long turned into the second most significant city in the Empire. The Inca Civil War Quito was dove into common war at some point around 1526. Inca ruler Huayna Capac passed on (conceivably of smallpox) and two of his numerous children, Atahualpa and Huscar, started to battle about his domain. Atahualpa had the help of Quito, while Huscars power base was in Cuzco. All the more critically for Atahualpa, he had the help of three amazing Inca commanders: Quisquis, Chalcuchima, and Rumiã ±ahui. Atahualpa won in 1532 after his powers directed Huscars at the entryways of Cuzco. Huscar was caught and would later be executed on Atahualpas orders. The Conquest of Quito In 1532 Spanish conquistadors under Francisco Pizarro showed up and took Atahualpa hostage. Atahualpa was executed in 1533, which turned so far unconquered Quito against the Spanish trespassers, as Atahualpa was still a lot of dearest there. Two distinct undertakings of triumph united on Quito in 1534, drove by Pedro de Alvarado and Sebastin de Benalczar individually. The individuals of Quito were intense warriors and battled the Spanish consistently, at the Battle of Teocajas. Benalczar showed up first just to find that Quito had been bulldozed by general Rumiã ±ahui to demonstrate hatred for the Spanish. Benalczar was one of 204 Spaniards to officially build up Quito as a Spanish city on December 6, 1534, a date which is as yet celebrated in Quito. Quito During the Colonial Era Quito thrived during the frontier period. A few strict requests including the Franciscans, Jesuits, and Augustinians showed up and fabricated expound temples and religious communities. The city turned into an inside for Spanish frontier organization. In 1563 it turned into a Real Audiencia under the management of the Spanish Viceroy in Lima: this implied there were decided in Quito who could run on lawful procedures. Afterward, organization of Quito would go to the Viceroyalty of New Granada in present-day Colombia. The Quito School of Art During the Colonial period, Quito became know for the great strict craftsmanship delivered by the specialists who lived there. Under the tutelage of Franciscan Jodoco Ricke, the Quitan understudies started creating top notch centerpieces and figure in the 1550’s: the â€Å"Quito School of Art† would in the long run secure unmistakable and special qualities. Quito craftsmanship is portrayed by syncretism: that is, a blend of Christian and local subjects. A few canvases include Christian figures in Andean view or following nearby conventions: a well known work of art in Quito’s house of prayer highlights Jesus and his devotees eating guinea pig (a customary Andean food) at the last dinner. The August 10 Movement In 1808, Napoleon attacked Spain, caught the King and put his own sibling on the seat. Spain was tossed into unrest: a contending Spanish government was set up and the nation was at war with itself. After hearing the news, a gathering of concerned residents in Quito arranged a defiance on August 10, 1809: they assumed responsibility for the city and educated the Spanish pioneer authorities that they would administer Quito autonomously until such a period as the King of Spain were reestablished. The Viceroy in Peru reacted by sending a military to suppress the disobedience: the August 10 plotters were tossed in a cell. On August 2, 1810, the individuals of Quito attempted to break them out: the Spanish repulsed the assault and slaughtered the plotters in authority. This abhorrent scene would help keep Quito for the most part uninvolved of the battle for freedom in northern South America. Quito was at long last freed from the Spanish on May 24, 1822, at the Battle of Pichincha: among t he saints of the fight were Field Marshal Antonio Josã © de Sucre and neighborhood courageous woman Manuela Senz. The Republican Era After autonomy, Ecuador was from the outset part of the Republic of Gran Colombia: the republic self-destructed in 1830 and Ecuador turned into a free country under first President Juan Josã © Flores. Quito kept on thriving, in spite of the fact that it stayed a moderately little, tired common town. The best clashes of the time were among nonconformists and moderates. More or less, preservationists favored a solid focal government, restricted democratic rights (just affluent men of European plummet) and a solid association among chapel and state. Dissidents were the polar opposite: they favored more grounded local governments, all inclusive (or if nothing else extended) testimonial and no association at all among chapel and state. This contention frequently turned wicked: moderate president Gabriel Garcã ­a Moreno (1875) and liberal ex-president Eloy Alfaro (1912) were both killed in Quito. The Modern Era of Quito Quito has proceeded to gradually develop and has advanced from a peaceful commonplace cash-flow to a cutting edge city. It has encountered periodic distress, for example, during the tempestuous administrations of Josã © Marã ­a Velasco Ibarra (five organizations somewhere in the range of 1934 and 1972). As of late, the individuals of Quito have sometimes rampaged to effectively remove disliked presidents, for example, Abdal Bucaram (1997) Jamil Mahuad (2000) and Lã ºcio Gutiã ©rrez (2005). These fights were tranquil generally and Quito, in contrast to numerous other Latin American urban areas, has not seen fierce common turmoil in some time. Quito’s Historic Center Maybe in light of the fact that it spent such a large number of hundreds of years as a peaceful commonplace town, Quitos old provincial community is especially very much saved. It was one of UNESCOS first World Heritage locales in 1978. Pioneer chapels stand one next to the other with rich Republican homes on vaporous squares. Quito has put an incredible arrangement as of late in reestablishing what local people call el centro historico and the outcomes are great. Exquisite performance centers, for example, the Teatro Sucre and Teatro Mã ©xico are open and show shows, plays and even the periodic drama. A unique crew of the travel industry police is point by point to the old town and voyages through old Quito are getting exceptionally well known. Eateries and lodgings are prospering in the noteworthy downtown area. Sources: Stitching, John. The Conquest of the Inca London: Pan Books, 2004 (unique 1970). Different Authors. Historia del Ecuador. Barcelona: Lexus Editores, S.A. 2010

Building a 21st Century Organization Free Essays

string(66) measurements can add to the association that is perceived. The force and adaptability of the human visual framework get in enormous part from its astounding capacity to discover structure and association in the pictures encoded by the retinas. To find and depict structure, the visual framework utilizes a wide exhibit of perceptual association components going from the generally low-level systems that underlie the least difficult standards of collection and isolation, to moderately elevated level instruments in which complex scholarly affiliations control the revelation of structure. The Gestalt clinicians were the first to completely value the basic significance of perceptual association (e. We will compose a custom article test on Building a 21st Century Organization or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now g. , see Kohler, 1947; Pomerantz Kubovy, 1986). Items regularly show up in various settings and are never imaged from a similar perspective; hence, the retinal pictures related with physical articles are commonly intricate and differed. To have any desire for getting a valuable translation of the retinal pictures, for example, perceiving objects that have been experienced already, there must be introductory procedures that sort out the picture information into those gatherings well on the way to shape important articles. Perceptual association is likewise significant in light of the fact that it by and large outcomes in exceptionally conservative portrayals of the pictures, encouraging later preparing, stockpiling, and recovery. (See Witkin Tenenbaum, 1983, for a conversation of the significance of perceptual association from the perspective of computational vision. ) Although much has been found out about the components of perceptual association (see, e. g. , Beck, 1982; Bergen, 1991; Palmer Rock, 1994; Pomerantz Kubovy, 1986), progress in creating testable quantitative hypotheses has been moderate. One territory where generous advancement has been made is in models of surface gathering and isolation. These models have started to put the investigation of perceptual association on a firm hypothetical balance that is reliable with the psychophysics and physiology of low-level vision. Two general sorts of model for surface isolation have been proposed. In the component based models, retinal pictures are at first prepared by systems that discover explicit highlights, for example, edge portions, line fragments, masses, and eliminators. Gathering and isolation are then practiced by finding the picture locales that contain a similar element or bunch of highlights (see, e. g. , Julesz, 1984, 1986; Marr, 1982; Treisman, 1985). These models are moderately basic, are reliable with certain parts of low-level vision, and have had the option to represent a scope of trial results. In the channel based models, retinal pictures are at first prepared by tuned channels, for instance, â€Å"contrast-energy† channels specific for size and direction. Gathering and isolation are then practiced by finding those picture locales with roughly steady yield from at least one channels (Beck, Sutter, Ivry, 1987; Bergen Landy, 1991; Bovik, Clark, Geisler, 1990; Caelli, 1988; Chubb Sperling, 1988; Clark, Bovik, Geisler, 1987; Fogel Sagi, 1989; Graham, Sutter, Venkatesan, 1993; Victor, 1988; Victor Conte, 1991; Wilson Richards, 1992). These models have a few points of interest over the current element based models: They can be applied to discretionary pictures, they are commonly increasingly predictable with known low-level components in the visual framework, and they have demonstrated equipped for representing a more extensive scope of trial results. In any case, the present models don't make exact forecasts for certain significant classes of improvements. One class of upgrades are those that contain areas of surface that can be isolated distinctly based on nearby structure (I. e. , shape). Another expansive class of improvements for which most current perceptual association models don't make sufficient expectations are those containing nonstationary structures; explicitly, structures that change easily and methodicallly across space. Nonstationary structures are the general guideline in common pictures due to viewpoint projection, and on the grounds that numerous normal items are the consequence of some unpredictable development or disintegration process. A straightforward case of a nonstationary structure would be a shape framed by a grouping of line fragments (a ran form) implanted in a foundation of arbitrarily arranged line sections. Such forms are generally effectively chosen by human eyewitnesses. Be that as it may, the components of the forms can't be assembled by the instruments contained in current channel based or highlight based models, on the grounds that no single direction channel or highlight is actuated over the entire shape. Gathering the components of such shapes requires a form coordination process that ties the progressive shape components together based on nearby closeness. A progressively intricate case of a nonstationary structure would be a picture of wood grain. Such a surface contains numerous forms whose dividing, direction, and ebb and flow change easily over the picture. Once more, such surfaces are handily assembled by human onlookers however can't be gathered by the systems contained in the present models. Gathering the shape components of such surfaces requires some type of surface incorporation (the two-dimensional simple of form combination). The core of the issue for existing quantitative models of collection and isolation is that they don't speak to the structure of the picture information with the extravagance accomplished by the human visual framework. The human visual framework obviously speaks to picture data in an expound progressive manner that catches huge numbers of the spatial, fleeting, and chromatic connections among the substances assembled at each degree of the chain of command. Gathering and isolation dependent on basic element qualifications or channel reactions likely could be a significant beginning part of perceptual association, yet the last association that rises must rely upon increasingly modern procedures. The major hypothetical point of this examination was to build up a structure for developing and testing models of perceptual association that catch a portion of the lavishness and multifaceted nature of the portrayals separated by the human visual framework, but then are computationally all around characterized and naturally conceivable. Inside this system, we have built up a model of perceptual association for two-dimensional (2D) line pictures and assessed it on various â€Å"textbook† perceptual association showings. In this article we allude to this model as the all-inclusive model when it is important to recognize it from a rearranged rendition, the confined model, depicted later. Perceptual association must rely here and there upon distinguished likenesses and contrasts between picture components. Moreover, clearly likenesses and contrasts along a wide range of improvement measurements can add to the association that is seen. You read Building a 21st Century Organization in class Papers Although there have been numerous investigations of individual upgrade measurements, there have been hardly any precise endeavors to concentrate how various measurements interface (Beck et al. , 1987; Fahle Abele, 1996; Li Lennie, 1996). The major test point of this examination was to gauge how numerous boost measurements are consolidated to decide gathering quality between picture components. To this end, we led a progression of three-design gathering analyses to straightforwardly quantify the tradeoffs among two, three, or four boost measurements one after another. Forecasts for these trials were produced by a confined adaptation of the model fitting for the test task. The exploratory outcomes gave both a test to the limited model and a methods for assessing the model’s parameters. The evaluated parameter esteems were utilized to create the forecasts of the all-inclusive model for complex examples. The following four areas portray, separately, the hypothetical system, the limited model, the tests and results, and the all-inclusive model and exhibitions. Hypothetical Framework for Perceptual Organization In this area we examine four significant segments of perceptual association: various leveled portrayal, discovery of natives, location of similitudes and contrasts among picture parts, and components for gathering picture parts. These segments taken together structure the hypothetical system on which the confined and expanded quantitative models are based. Various leveled Representation It is clear that the components of perceptual association yield a rich progressive portrayal that depicts the relationship of â€Å"parts† to â€Å"wholes† at various levels; that is, the wholes at one level frequently become the parts at the following level. Nonetheless, there is proof that the procedure by which the various leveled portrayal is built doesn't continue carefully either from nearby to worldwide or from worldwide to neighborhood. The worldwide structure of an enormous letter made out of little letters can be found before the structure of the individual little letters is found (Navon, 1977), and there exist uncertain figures, for example, R. C. James’s exemplary Dalmatian canine, that can be fathomed locally simply after probably a portion of the worldwide structure is found. Then again, the revelation of structure should now and then continue from neighborhood to worldwide; for instance, it is difficult to extricate the evenness of an unpredictable item without first removing a portion of the structure of its subobjects. Any all around indicated hypothesis of perceptual association must characterize what is implied by parts, wholes, and connections among parts and wholes. Given the present condition of information, all definitions, including the ones we have received, must be provisional. Regardless, some essential definitions must be made so as to shape work

Celebrating the Moon Landing

Celebrating the Moon Landing Today is an exciting anniversary July 20, 1969, was the day Apollo 11 landed on the Moon. And because of MITs significant role in the moon landing, folks around here are pretty excited. Start with the short film Giant Leaps, produced for the Giant Leaps Symposium: Its pretty inspiring to see all those folks from the MIT Instrumentation Lab who built the Apollo Guidance Computer and Buzz Aldrin ScD 63 himself (!) talking about their experiences. There has been a lot of coverage of the Giant Leaps celebration, which included a symposium, a Boston pops concert featuring Gustav Holsts The Planets, and more. One article about the celebration in the Boston Glove interviewed astronaut and MIT alumna Cady Coleman 83. (David L. Ryan/Globe Staff) In an article entitled, Her work is rocket science, they started the interview with the question that I guess is on a lot of peoples minds: Q. So how do you pee in space? A. Up in space we use a vacuum. I always tell kids its not something you want to try at home with your vacuum cleaner. Ours is very different, with a special attachment to stick on top of a hose. Some background on Cady Coleman: She graduated MIT with a bachelors degree in Chemistry, lived in my dorm, Baker House, and rowed on the Varsity Crew Team. MIT has a long history of astronauts: More than one-third of the nations space flights have included MIT-educated astronauts, who have logged a total of more than 15,000 hours in space. NASA has chosen more MIT graduates to become astronauts than graduates of any other private educational institution. Only the US Air Force Academy, the US Naval Academy and the US Naval Postgraduate School have had more graduates selected for the astronaut program. Four of the 12 astronauts who walked on the moon during the Apollo program were MIT alumni. They logged a total of 51 hours exploring the lunar surface from 1969-72. In fact, when NASA announced the new class of astronauts a few weeks ago, two of the nine were MIT people. I was particularly excited that one of the new astronauts was Kate Rubins of the Rubins Lab at MIT. Her lab hosts a number of undergraduate UROP research students working on understanding viruses like smallpox. Dr. Rubins is the same age as me, but unlike her, I have never developed the first animal model of human smallpox, done important field studies in the Congo, or been named an astronaut. (Maybe next year.) Currently, two MIT alumni are in space aboard the International Space Station. Robert Thirsk SM 78 MBA 98 has been onboard the station for a while now, and just last week Christopher Cassidy SM 00 joined him. This isnt the largest number of MIT grads in space at one time, though last November, 4 MIT alums were in space at the same time: They are 4 of 34 MIT alumni astronauts on the MIT Astronaut Roster. MITs NASA involvement is pretty deep. One of my other favorite recent MIT-NASA stories is that Kwatsi Alibaruho 95, an MIT graduate in Aero/Astro pictured below, recently became first African-American to lead Mission Control. [Listen to an interview with Kwatsi here] But perhaps the most fitting MIT tribute to the moon landing is MIT hackers paying tribute. At the end of this past academic term, the Apollo Lunar Module landed on the Great Dome: Photo by Eric Schmiedl 09

Comparison of Aristotles View of Human Happiness with Aquinas Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Aristotle indicated that an important factor towards the realization of happiness is a good moral character an individual possesses. An individual must work hard to possess all virtues required towards realizing happiness. He records that a person who is happy lives in agreement with the complete virtue and possesses enough external goods throughout his or her life (Bok, 2010). On the case of Aquinas, he states that imperfect happiness can be maintained on earth. Therefore, he got influenced by the theory of happiness from Aristotle. Aristotle argued that happiness is dependent upon the actualization of an individual s natural faculties (Thomas Regan, 2003). Among the major faculties in the life of a human being is the reason and it can get understood that happiness can get achieved in life in proportion and move to the level of access to reason. Aquinas stated that the ultimate happiness in human beings is comprised of contemplated truth. It is an operation in man and no other ani mal shares the operation (Theron, 2008). Contemplated truth cannot get directed to another end due to the fact that contemplation of truth is required for a person s sake. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Aristotles View of Human Happiness with Aquinas or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page It may be health, friends, knowledge or wealth and results to the perfection of human nature. It also causes enrichment in the life of an individual. Due to that fact, there is a necessity to make choices, and some of the choices may be difficult, the lesser goods have immediate pleasure and are more enticing (Bok, 2010). On the other hand, greater goods are painful and need many sacrifices.

New Opportunities in the Online Marketplace - 1900 Words

There are always new opportunities to build our rapidly changing market economy that leaves no one behind. Markets use these opportunities to create an atmosphere of ambition between individuals to exceed one another and in turn generate a more dynamic, self sufficient economy. However, leading more toward a market economy there are greater responsibilities held on many retailer’s shoulders. The market place has grown so much that it is not just actual â€Å"professionals† exchanging/selling goods and services to consumers, but also people that are not necessarily a professional in a business through online markets. When discussing about online markets, many sellers use the advantage of the internet to increase revenues. We use online markets mainly to benefit both the buyer and seller in many ways. One specific benefit that they both find very favorable to them is the fact that there is no sales tax involved in the transactions made in certain online market systems. A mazon, E-bay, and other retailer websites that operate under this certain online market system do not collect sales taxes from customers. The only reason for the exemption of collecting and remitting of sales tax to the state in which they execute a sale in, is that they do not have a physical presence â€Å"nexus† in states where they sell their product to their online customers. This starts to become an issue to traditional businesses that have to collect and remit sales taxes to the state and also the state itself.Show MoreRelatedEbay Is The Leading Global Brand For Online Auctions1182 Words   |  5 Pagesleading global brand for online auctions. The company is a giant marketplace used by more than 100 million people to buy and sell all manner of things to each other. The brand has grown tremendously over the decade or so since its conception. 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Employment Letter Free Essays

Dear Sir / Madam, I am writing to express my interest for the following vacancy as it strongly relates to my current qualification. I am graduate from Manchester Metropolitan University with First Class Honours. I have good educational background. We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Letter or any similar topic only for you Order Now Computing and Technology has been my interest. During my educational period, I was always willing to learn new things, ready for a challenges, and a great problem solver. I have applied my theoretical knowledge in to different assignments and projects. I’ve experience of working as an effective member of a team, as well as by my own initiative. I have ability to communicate clearly at all levels verbally and in writing. I have attention to details and can efficiently manage workload. I’m fully committed with my work and highly dutiful with my responsibilities. Please find attached to this email, a copy of my CV, for your kind consideration. I feel I would be an excellent candidate for your above vacancy as it closely matches my skills and experience. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely How to cite Employment Letter, Papers

The Effects of Advancing Technology on Society Essays -

Technology is something that is necessary and very important in the world today. Almost everything uses technology, and almost everyone uses technology. It is even used right now. I am using technology to type this up while you are using it to read. Therefore, it is important to understand something we use in our everyday life properly and discuss whether it has a greater positive or negative impact. Technology has countless positive impacts on society today. Many important processes in the industry and household have been automated and expedited by technology. Technology allowed transportation to improve from animals to modern-day automobiles and aircraft. A lot of jobs once done by humans before are now replaced with robotic devices. We can also do things that are impossible with man alone, such as driving around on Mars. Technology has proved useful in life-risking tasks such as space exploration and mining. The computer technology changed the whole world over night and continues to do so at faster than light speeds. Computers have allowed the software industry to rise and help us save and organize data, as long with a lot of information processing. It is also improved communication which includes Facebook, mobile devices, and satellite communication. Internet also improved entertainment and the industry of advertising. Although most people think technology is really important in their daily lives, they don?t realize that it is also negatively affecting people and society. Technology not only affected industry in a positive way, but also in a negative way. Some businesses are forced to close down since technology took over their job and there are no more demands in that industry. For example, newspaper companies are affected greatly by the advanced technology because news is always available on the internet for free. It also puts lithographical printing into a bind because business and companies use methods of digital printing. Now you don?t have to buy music at stores because you can download them from the internet which closed down a lot of big music stores. This applies to the industry of movies too because less people are buying DVDs when it is available online on the internet. Technology improved communication to be able to contact with almost anyone at any time which seems like something good, but this causes people to not interact personally with each other which has built a wall in between real life communication. Now when you call almost any business, you are connected with a recorded voice and automated answering systems. You could call for a week straight to the same company and never get in contact with a single human being. We no longer have to call up someone to congratulate them. You send your loved ones an electronic message instead of a card for special occasions. There is nothing special about that certain message, than any of the other ones received. Technology makes people lazier so they don?t have the desire to walk out from their home and find entertainment like having a meeting with a friend in a coffee shop. Most teenagers are a huge fan of video games, especially ones that are advanced in technology like Xbox or PS3. But when teens get hooked onto video games at such a young age it can harm the child in many ways. One way it can harm the child is if the child is in love with a violent video game with a lot of gore, it can potentially make the kid want to do what he sees on the screen in reality. A lot of teenagers who join the army do not realize what they really got themselves into because they were influenced from what they saw on the screen when playing a video game at home. If a kid plays a video game at home and reenacts what he does in the game at school, he can get himself or his peers in a lot of trouble. On one website, a 20 year old was killed by a blood clot caused from playing Xbox persistently for days on end until he died. This man chose to sit in his room and play a video game for 12 straight hours. (Chan, 2011) The internet

Discuss Gi lyard s bubble theory , Royster s t Essays - Thought

Discuss Gi lyard ' s bubble theory , Royster ' s t Essays - Thought Discuss Gi lyard ' s bubble theory , Royster ' s theory of su bject position and the relationship between them . The question seeks to explore both Gilyard's bubble Theory and Royster's theory of subject position by juxtaposing the two. The bubble that Gilyard makes reference to is the seemingly impenetrable bubble of social inequality among members of present day society. Royster refers to these groups as insiders and outsiders. Outsider groups such as Blacks continue to be marginalized by a society which embraces the principles of White insider privilege. This barrier is upheld by the pervasive societal view of which makes no effort to challenge or pop' this bubble. The meaningless discourse which stems from this ideology neither seeks to highlight the disparities which exist nor to develop new ideologies or ways of thinking in order to level the playing field. The only remedy for this is to seek contrasting ways of life and viewpoints in order to enlarge the bubble; to make it more inclusive and forward thinking so that the bubbly may one day be burst. The salient point within Royster's essay is that " subject position really is everything". Subjectivity and subject position both speak to how a person is seen in the eyes of those around them and the place that society assigns them. Royster also highlights the disconnect between the qualities assigned to a person and the true essence of who they are. She speaks to the feeling of superiority that those around her hold on issues that she knows much more about because she's lived through them as well as the voice that they have assigned to her without knowing what she claims to be her true voice. The they in this scenario is the White Man, the final judge of what one's position in life actually is. Both theories focus on American society and view African Americans as the disadvantaged group that they are. They also highlight the false ideologies that continue to be throughout communities and population and the need for new voices and information to be disseminated. However, while both writers call for persons to act, when given the opportunity to do so, Royster does not lead by the example her words tried to set.

Spring Phenology and Climate Change

Spring Phenology and Climate Change As spring arrives we notice the changing of seasons by the weather, but also by a host of natural events. Depending on where you live, the crocuses may poke through the snow, the killdeer may be back, or the cherry trees may bloom. There is an orderly sequence of events that seem to occur, with various spring flowers appearing in order, red maple buds bursting into new leaves, or the old lilac by the barn scenting the air. This seasonal cycle of natural phenomena is called phenology. Global climate change appears to be interfering with the phenology of many species, at the very heart of species interactions. What Is Phenology? In temperate regions like the northern half of the United States, there is comparatively little biological activity in winter. Most plants are dormant, and so are the insects feeding on them. In turn, animals that rely on these insects  such as bats and birds are hibernating or spending the cold months in more southerly locations. Ectotherms like reptiles and amphibians, which take their body warmth from their environment, also have active phases tied to the seasons. This long winter period constrains all the growing, breeding, and dispersing activities that plants and animals do to a short favorable window. That’s what makes spring so vibrant, with plants flowering and putting on new growth, insects emerging and breeding, and birds flying back to take advantage of this short-lived bounty. The onsets of each of these activities add up to so many phenological markers. What Triggers Phenological Events? Different organisms respond to different cues to initiate seasonal activities. Many plants will start growing leaves again after a set period of dormancy, which very roughly dictates the leaf-out window. Cue that more precisely determine when the buds break can be soil temperature, air temperature, or water availability. Similarly, temperature cues can promote the beginning of insect activity. Day length itself can be the operative trigger for some seasonal events. It is only when there are a sufficient number of daylight hours that reproductive hormones will be produced in many bird species. Why Are Scientists Concerned with Phenology? The most energy-demanding period in the life of most animals is when they reproduce. For that reason, it is to their advantage to coincide breeding (and for many, the raising of young) during a period when food is most abundant. Caterpillars should hatch just as the young tender leaves of oak tree emerge, before they harden and become less nutritious. Breeding songbirds need to time the hatching of their young just during that peak in caterpillar activity, so they can take advantage of this rich source of protein to feed their offspring. Many species have evolved to exploit peaks in resource availability, so all these seemingly independent phenological events are indeed part of a complex web of precise interactions. Disruptions in seasonal events can have profound effects on ecosystems. How Is Climate Change Affecting Phenology? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in a 2007 report, estimated that spring arrived earlier by 2.3 to 5.2 days per decade in the previous 30 years. Among hundreds of observed changes, the leafing out of ginkgo trees in Japan, the flowering of lilacs, and the arrival of warblers have all shifted earlier in the year. The problem is that not all these shifts happen at the same rate, if at all. For example: Winter moths have been timed to hatch just when the young oak leaves burst from their buds. With climate change, both have been happening earlier in the year, but significantly more so for the winter moth hatch. The young emerging caterpillars then starve and die.Some North American migratory songbirds have advanced their arrival data. However, at least one of the main tree species they forage on has shifted its leafing out even earlier. Birds might then be missing the peak in availability of insects that are found on these trees and provide the energy and protein needed by the birds at the beginning of their nesting season. These types of misalignment of important events in nature are called phenological mismatches. There is much research underway currently to recognize where these mismatches might be occurring.

Multinational Corporations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Multinational Corporations - Essay Example Multinational Corporations have now become an integral part of the international society. Whether these multinational giants are beneficial or damaging to the society as such is a question which is debatable. There are opinions for and against the multinationals depending upon one’ perspective and social position in this world. We shall discuss the impact of multinational corporations in detail and present views for and against them in the following paragraphs. One major factor to be considered when one talks about multinationals is that most of them are from the developed countries like the USA, Japan, UK, France and Germany (International Labour Organization {ILO} website). Other countries are almost non participants or have just started making their presence felt as exemplified by the Daewoo Corporation of Korea and Venezuela (oil company), according to ILO. No doubt that multinationals have been in existence from the very beginning ever since companies and corporations came into being and looked beyond their horizons for business. The British Empire which ruled most parts of the world in the last two centuries is an example of a multinational temperament and presence. The multinationals do cover up some of the essential requirements of the human race and strive to fulfil every need but at the same time they tend to obliterate any small enterprise which attempts to launch similar products or services.

Improving absenteeism and exceeding break time limits at Walmart Research Paper

Improving absenteeism and exceeding break time limits at Walmart - Research Paper Example em and area for improvement (b) impact of the organization’s culture, (c) client and practitioner’s considerations, (d) diagnostic process and data collection, (e) overcoming resistance to change, (f) action plans, strategies, and techniques, and (g) OD intervention analysis. Ultimately, absenteeism leads to labor turnover. Every year, Wal-Mart needs to recruit, hire, train and retain more than 790,000 employees to refill a gap created by the left employees; it is estimated, in 2005, Wal-Mart employed 1.8 million employees globally and the turnover rate was 44 percent (Boudreau, 2010, p.125). Some conservatives estimates highlight that the turnover rate has reached to the level of 50 percent in the recent years clearly indicating that the Wal-Mart employees have developed sense that they are under-paid, offered inadequate health benefits and insecure career growth and so on (Jackson et al., 2012, p.15).This state of affair indicates that the existing causes and trends in absenteeism need to be revisited and overhauled. Before going to revisit the existing human resource policy of Wal-Mart, it is reasonable to further understand the impacts of the existing policy. In 2004, Costco hired and employed 68,000 workers and 25% of them were unionized, while Wal-Mart’s Sam’s Club employed a total of 102,000 in the same year (Holmes and Zellner, 2004). In the same article, the authors mentioned that in terms of wages alone, a Costco employee generated and earned, on average, $33,218 ($ 15.97 hourly). On the other hand, the average Sam’s Club employee earned $23, 962 ($11.52 per hour). Hypothetically speaking, if a Costco employee voluntarily quits, the turnover cost would be around $ 49,827 (1.5 times annual salary); and Sam’s Club employee would cost $ 35, 943. At the face of it, it may appear as if the low-wage strategy at Sam’s Club generates higher savings in terms of turnover but actually it is not the case (Cascio, 2006, p.42). Cascio (2006) further

SWOT and PESTEL analysis of Nestle

SWOT and PESTEL analysis of Nestle Introduction This report presents a strategic analysis of Nestlà ©. Critically analysing the internal workings of the firm, this report presents a SWOT analysis to reveal an identification of the internal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats seen within Nestlà ©. Nestlà © is a company with a varied brand portfolio consisting of a wide range of products including a number of household brands: Nescafe, Rowntree’s Fruit Pastilles and Nesquik. Earlier this year, Forbes (2014, p.1) referred to Nescafe, one of Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s core brands as the 27th most valuable brand in the world. Employing over 8000 employees, Nestlà © is present in a number of domestic and international markets. With their headquarters in Switzerland, Nestlà © is a firm, which in total operates within 86 countries of which North America is their largest and most profitable market (Shotter, 2012, p.1). The firm’s strong internationalisation strategy reflects the firm’s commitment to resource and capability development in the external environment. This will be explored further through the use of a PESTLE analysis to determine the key external forces present within the macro environment and, how importantly Nestlà © respond to such forces in a strategic manner. A look back at the history of the firm reveals a strong commitment to product development. It all began back in the mid-1860s when Nestlà © created a new baby formula to offer to the market. Seeing a gap in the market underpinned by those mothers who could not breastfeed, Nestlà © developed a formula to be offered to the European market. This very early development within Nestlà © soon developed to include an expansion of products within the firm with chocolate being added to milk products to reach a larger target market. Since its first product offerings, Nestlà © has gone on to have a varied brand portfolio with annual sales of $100.64 billion (Nestlà ©, 2014, p.1). Nestlà ©s mission Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s mission statement is supported by the expression ‘good food, good life’ (Nestlà ©, 2014, p. 1). Meaning more than the nutritional values of the food they produce, Nestlà © support the need to show a commitment to quality, safety and ultimately convenience for the consumer to enhance enjoyment. The notion of the creation of ‘shared value’ is a main focus of the firm and is an area which is supported by the firm’s ability to ‘go beyond compliance and sustainability and create new and greater value for our people, our shareholders and society as a whole’ (Nestlà © , 2014, p.1). This statement supports the integrated approach Nestlà © adopt through their commitment to recognising the responsibility the firm has to the wider external environment, which moves beyond a simple aspiration of profit. SWOT analysis This section presents a SWOT analysis to review the micro environment of the firm reflecting specifically upon the strengths and weaknesses of Nestlà © and the opportunities and threats the firm must respond to through an alignment of firm strengths to such forces. A SWOT analysis is often used, as a strategic tool to allow a presentation of the firm’s resources and capabilities, which can be further, developed to aid competitive advantage. A SWOT analysis therefore underpins the development of future strategic options. As seen within the work of Barney (1991, p. 99) and Teece (2009, p. 12) a desirable competitive advantage is one obtained through a minimisation of threats aligned with the seizing of opportunities. Table One: SWOT analysis Table one below reveals the internal dynamics of Nestlà © and the opportunities/threats facing the firm. Positive Factors Negative Factors Internal Factors Strengths Strong cultural values stemming from the firms integrated approach to business and commitment to their stakeholders (Schein, 2012, p.3). Current strategic position of Nestlà © supported by three key areas of business ‘quality leadership, customer satisfaction and sustainability’ (Business Green, 2013, p. 1). Nestlà © have a strong commitment to corporate social responsibility with reference being made to ‘long term commitment never being sacrificed for short-term performance’ (CSR Wire, 2014, p. 1). Diversified and varied brand portfolio. Global recognition driven by the number of strong brands within the firm’s portfolio. The reputation of Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s brand is estimated to be valued at $7billion (Nestlà ©, 2014b, p.1). Nestlà © has a place in the heart of consumers due to its longstanding history. Development of trust and loyalty highlighting the capability development of the firm. Strong teamwork within the firm promoting good levels of job satisfaction and employee commitment. Weakness A number of Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s products have faced criticism as a result of their nutritional value. Increased emphasis has been placed on healthy eating through government initiatives and Nestlà © would benefit from reviewing a number of their products to support their mission of ‘good food and good life’ in a changing social environment i.e. rising levels of child obesity. The past of Nestlà © is tainted in parts by negative public relations as a result of what is referred to as the baby milk scandal. Noted in a recent article by Muller (2013, p.1) it was stated that the scandal had ‘grown up but not gone away’. Recognising the need for stability and consistency in the processes found within the company’s global supply chain. International standards demand a need for standardisation yet this has to be balanced with the firm’s strategic need for adaptation to different cultural environments. External Factors Opportunities Ability to reach new consumer markets and in particular new international markets i.e. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s work in emerging economies. Further internationalisations with a particular focus on the BRICS economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) – these economies are noted as being current growth spots (Wilson and Purushothaman, 2003, p. 1). Development of intangible capabilities to aid competitive advantage. Barney (1991, p.100) argues that competitive advantage is achieved through inimitability and this should be a focus of the firm. Backwards integration to gain more control over the supply chain of the firm (Martin and Eisenhardt, 2010, p.1105 ). Innovative development of distribution channels. Threats Higher levels of buyer power within the industry fuelled by greater choice and lower loyalty (Porter, 2008, p.12: 2011, p.5). Variability in raw material prices influencing the firm’s ability to sustain prices in light of a commitment to wider responsibilities aside from profit i.e. CSR initiatives (Servaes and Tamayo, 2013, p.1047). Increased dynamism in the external macro environment fuelling short-term decision making and heightened competition (Teece, 2009, p.15). Technological change driving both innovation and associated challenges. Ageing population shifting the demographics of the workforce (Kooij et al, 2014, p. 2192). The SWOT analysis above reveals that Nestlà © have a number of strengths, which translate into the development of core resources and capabilities, which aids their competitive position. Notably, one of the core strengths of Nestlà © is the strong brand image they have which inspires trust in consumers. Nestlà © are able to build on this reputation to extend their brand categories. Further, recent efforts to follow corporate social responsibility strategies have heightened the firms approach to sustainability, which is aligned to current expectations from the consumer market for firms to take a greater responsibility towards the wider macro environment. Moving on to a critical analysis of the weaknesses of the company, one of the core weaknesses of Nestlà © is the content of some of their products, which marks a move away from healthy eating initiatives. For example, Nestlà © produce a number of confectionary goods including sweets and chocolate bars. Nestlà © will in the future have to work with the UK government to ensure that a clear marketing message is put across for such treats to only be enjoyed alongside a balanced diet. Overall, however, Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s strengths overshadow their weaknesses and many of the weaknesses are being tackled by strategic actions. Recognition of the firm’s opportunities and threats leads to a discussion of the value of internationalisation and in particular the opportunities present within emerging economies. Further, the development of capabilities and thus the translation of strengths into intangible and inimitable capabilities is an area, which could see the firm, further develop their sustainable competitive advantage. Developing from the opportunities of the firm, it is also necessary to consider the threats, which face Nestlà ©. The SWOT analysis revealed one of the core threats is the increasingly competitive nature of the industry and the challenges, which arise from this level of competition. As a result, a great threat facing the firm is the level of dynamism and turbulence to contend with which influences the nature and direction of strategic choices. PESTLE analysis A PESTLE analysis is used as a strategic tool to measure industry dynamics through recognition of the core political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental forces/changes having influence on the industry (Henry, 2007, p.23). Table two below presents a PESTLE analysis for the industry Nestlà © are present within and this information is then used to form a critical discussion for the future strategic options available to the firm. Table Two: PESTLE analysis The PESTLE analysis below identifies a number of forces, which have an influence on industry dynamics. Of these forces, perhaps the most prominent are social forces, which relate to differences in consumer behaviour. As an international firm, Nestlà © have to be able to ensure a level of adaptation, which is appropriate to different markets driven by different cultures and consumer preferences. Political Changing regulation surrounding food standards and marketing actions. Government stability in new emerging economies – question of risk as part of the internationalisation process (Kumar et al, 2013, p.205). Changing global regulations – standardised practice yet adaptation to different political forces (De Mooij, 2013, p.61). Economic Awareness and knowledge of changing inflation, economic growth rates and income levels. Changing consumer budgets, rise of the cost conscious consumer. Rising price of raw material goods in relation to the need to source from sustainable suppliers (Kumar et al, 2013, p.205). Social Changing consumer attitudes – move towards healthier products in line with government initiatives (Newman et al, 2014, p.15) supporting balanced diets and the dangers of sugar. Changing lifestyle – return back to home cooking and the promotion of family time in a world of convenience. The need to adapt to different cultural settings i.e. language, religious beliefs and family settings. Understanding of consumer behaviour is crucial to ensuring a personal approach to marketing. Consumers viewing the firm as an agency for power in the wider external environment (Eisenhardt et al, 2010: 1263). Technological Rise of social media, consumers interacting with firms and being able to do so across a range of platforms. Innovation fuelled by technological developments. E-commerce as a platform for development (Lin et al, 2014, p.3). Legal 1.Changing nature of regulation. 2. Need to adhere to global regulations and changes across different international markets (Schaffer et al, 2014, p. 12). Environmental Increased attention directed towards corporate social responsibility (Servaes and Tamayo, 2013, p. 1045). Environmental concerns from consumers including concerns over packaging/recycling (Dubois, 2012, p. 36). Corporate Objectives It is important that an alignment exists between corporate objectives, brand image and firm activities (Cornelissen, 2014, p.55). Commonly used as a strategic tool to support this analysis, Ansoff’s matrix can be applied to Nestlà © to review the different strategic options available to the firm (Ansoff, 1980, p. 133). The overall corporate objective of Nestlà © is to be one of the world’s best and largest brands in the food industry. To break this down further, there is a need to apply individual firm level marketing objectives to a specific brand within their portfolio. This section focuses upon the presentation of marketing objectives and strategies for Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s baby milk products. Marketing Objectives Marketing objectives identify a target market and market need and apply this to the brands they are offering. With regards to the baby milk products Nestlà © offers, one of their core marketing objectives should relate to improving sales through the use of social media outlets. Aligned to the rise of relationship marketing and the need to develop a deeper, emotional connection with consumers it is argued that one of the marketing objectives for increasing sales of this product needs to be related to understanding the consumer base. The following marketing objectives are proposed in relation to the firm’s baby milk products: To increase interaction with consumers using social media as a platform. To increase sales by 10% through a promotional campaign across an integrated set of marketing platforms. To follow a relationship marketing campaign to increase interactions with consumers to enhance understanding of the consumer base. Ansoff’s matrix Ansoff’s growth matrix is a marketing tool often used to understand the different strategic options available to a firm (Ansoff, 1980, p. 131). Looking at the opportunities available in both new and existing markets, emphasis within the matrix is placed on the benefits and challenges of each strategic option and the extent to which the options are aligned to the internal resources and capabilities of the firm. Market Penetration Market penetration is a strategy, which sees growth underpinned by pushing existing products to existing markets. Through a focus on market penetration the firm would be able to maintain current product lines and focus upon increasing sales in this area through promotional activities and advertising. Market penetration is a strategy, which would secure growth in the market and would allow the firm to draw on their knowledge of the market to expand sales in this area. Market Development The second strategic option refers to the use of selling existing products to new markets. A new market in this case could be a new consumer base or a new geographical base. Reflecting upon the nature of the product, it is unlikely Nestlà © would be able to target a new customer base and thus it is advised that if this strategic option were to be followed emphasis would be placed on opening up to new emerging markets with existing products. Product Development Moving away from a focus on the market, the third strategic option offered by Ansoff places emphasis on the importance of product development. This strategic option would require the firm to develop new competencies, which would appeal to existing markets. Under this strategic option, Nestlà © could focus on the development of a new extension of products in the baby market to offer to the consumer base. Diversification The final option outlined is that of diversification. Diversification is a strategy, which refers to growth achieved by offering new products to new markets. This type of strategy would require a need for the firm to draw on their inherent strengths and capabilities to offer something new to the market. Underpinned by high levels of innovation, this strategy would require both investment and an appreciation of risk. As such, before the adoption of this strategy it would be necessary for the firm to have a clear vision of outcome. Which growth strategy to follow? Based on a discussion of the various growth options above, this report argues that Nestlà © should focus upon market penetration through the use of promotional activities and relationship marketing activities. This strategy would see Nestlà © focus upon an existing product and market yet achieve growth through marketing campaigns and a greater utilisation of social media. Through the use of social media and relationship marketing it would be hoped that Nestlà © would be able to develop a stronger connection with their consumers, which is fundamental when needing to gain the trust of new mothers (Iglesias et al, 2011, p. 632). Strength in the baby market is underpinned by the potential for growth due to this being a growing market. Competitive Strategies In support of an identification of growth strategies, there is a need to recognise the importance of competitive strategies. Three core competitive strategies are identified within the literature: Cost leadership, differentiation and focus (Ortega, 2010, p. 1275). Despite a traditional view that different competitive strategies couldn’t be mixed, recent literature has supported the use of a hybrid competitive strategy, which combines cost leadership and differentiation to support a competitive strategy, which balances the actions of each strategy (Baroto et al, 2012, p. 120). Cost leadership is a strategy, which places emphasis on lowest cost and thus sees the firm seeking to compete with their competition on the basis of price. Cost leadership strategies therefore require an efficient approach to the supply chain to ensure that raw material costs are kept to a minimum. Emphasis within this strategy is placed on the need to focus upon gaining economies of scale and thus low costs. Differentiation involves firms seeking to distinguish themselves from their competitors (Armstrong and Cunningham, 2012, p. 71). For this to be the case, emphasis is placed on the development of a competitive advantage through something others cannot imitate. The final competitive strategy is a focus strategy where a segmentation approach is followed (Weinstein, 2013, p. 51). A firm following a focus strategy would firm to choose a niche market and therefore have specific offerings to a specific target market. In light of the identification of the competitive strategies and the discussion above, it is advised that the firm should follow a hybrid strategy reflecting on both cost leadership and differentiation to ensure growth. A hybrid strategy would require Nestlà © to seek lowest cost where possible through economies of scale and efficiency in their supply chain whilst also seeing the firm differentiating through the culture of the firm and the relationships developed with consumers. 7p’s of marketing A final consideration for Nestlà © is an identification of the 7p’s of marketing and in particular an understanding of what their product offers to the market (Armstrong and Cunningham, 2012, p. 34). The 7p’s of marketing is an important marketing tool outlining a focus on a clear understanding of each factor: Product: Baby formula, nutrients to enable a progression from breast milk to formula or formula for those mothers choosing not to breastfeed. Price : Price relatively low to competitors. It is important to balance the need here between low cost and the influence this has on trust. Place: Supermarkets, place of convincing. Promotion: Relationship marketing principles used to engage the consumer. Nestlà © will interact with consumers during a shopping mall road show to showcase their product offerings and the value of their products. People: Employees within the firm used to support the growth strategy of particular products. Company objectives and marketing objective translates into performance goals for teams within the firm. Process: Customer service is important and a key determinant of trust. As a result of this, emphasis should be placed on the role of employees in educating the consumer and therefore translating the core elements of the brand. Physical evidence : Physical evidence in the form of packaging and promotional tools will be used to support the development of the growth strategy employed. Monitoring and controlling As a closing point, there is a need to consider the importance of the ongoing monitoring of any marketing plan. Long after the implementation, emphasis should still be placed on monitoring to ensure that controls are put in place to review the success of a given marketing campaign (Simons, 2013, p. 14). For example, in relation to the use of social media, particular controls can be put in place to monitor the success and thus levels of integration taking place. References Ansoff, H. I. (1980). Strategic issue management. Strategic Management Journal, 1(2), 131-148. Armstrong, G., Cunningham, M. H. (2012). Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Barney, J.B (1991) Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17 (1) 99-120. Baroto, M. B., Abdullah, M. M. B., Wan, H. L. (2012). Hybrid strategy: a new strategy for competitive advantage. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(20), p120. Business Green (2013) Nestlà © brews up stronger environmental commitments [online]. Available from: http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news/2254765/Nestlà ©-brews-up-stronger-environmental-commitments [Accessed 06.10.14-. Burke, R. J., Cooper, C. L., Field, J. (2013). The Aging Workforce: Individual, Organizational and Societal Opportunities and Challenges. The SAGE Handbook of Aging, Work and Society, 1. Cornelissen, J (2014) Corporate communication: a guide to theory and practice. London: SAGE publications. CSR Wire (2014) CSR profile of Nestlà © [online]. Available from: http://www.csrwire.com/members/10393-Nestlà © [Accessed 05.10.14]. De Mooij (2013) Global marketing and advertising: understanding cultural paradoxes. London: SAGE publications. Dubois, M. (2012). Extended producer responsibility for consumer waste: the gap between economic theory and implementation. Waste Management Research, 30(9 suppl), 36-42. Eisenhardt, K. M., Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they?. Strategic management journal, 21(10-11), 1105-1121. Eisenhardt, K. M., Furr, N. R., Bingham, C. B. (2010). CROSSROADS-Microfoundations of Performance: Balancing Efficiency and Flexibility in Dynamic Environments. Organization Science, 21(6), 1263-1273. Forbes (2014) Nestlà © [online]. Available from: http://www.forbes.com/companies/nescafe/ [Accessed 06.10.14]. Henry, A.E (2007) Understanding strategic management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Iglesias, O., Sauquet, A., Montaà ±a, J. (2011). The role of corporate culture in relationship marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 45(4), 631-650. Kooij, D. T., Jansen, P. G., Dikkers, J. S., de Lange, A. H. (2014). Managing aging workers: a mixed methods study on bundles of HR practices for aging workers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(15), 2192-2212. Kumar, V., Mudambi, R., Gray, S. (2013). Internationalization, Innovation and Institutions: The 3 Is underpinning the competitiveness of emerging market firms. Journal of International Management, 19(3), 203-206. Kumar, M., Srai, J., Pattinson, L., Gregory, M. (2013). Mapping of the UK food supply chains: capturing trends and structural changes. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 10(2), 299-326. Lin, Y., Luo, J., Zhou, L., Ieromonachou, P., Huang, L., Cai, S., Ma, S. (2014, June). The impacts of service quality and customer satisfaction in the e-commerce context. In Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), 2014 11th International Conference on (pp. 1-6) Muller, M (2013) Nestlà © baby milk scandal has grown up but not gone away [online]. Available from: http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/Nestlà ©-baby-milk-scandal-food-industry-standards [Accessed 06.10.14]. Nestlà © (2014) About us [online]. Available from: http://www.Nestlà ©.com/aboutus [Accessed 05.10.14]. Newman, C. L., Howlett, E., Burton, S. (2014). Shopper Response to Front-of-Package Nutrition Labeling Programs: Potential Consumer and Retail Store Benefits. Journal of Retailing, 90(1), 13-26. Ortega, M. J. R. (2010). Competitive strategies and firm performance: Technological capabilities moderating roles. Journal of Business Research, 63(12), 1273-1281. Porter, M.E (2008) On competition. Boston: Harvard University Press. Porter, M. E. (2011). Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance. New York: Simon and Schuster. Servaes, H., Tamayo, A. (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness. Management Science, 59(5), 1045-1061. Schaffer, R., Agusti, F., Dhooge, L. (2014). International business law and its environment. London: Cengage Learning.

Love for Your Country

I don't love my country. In fact, I fail to see how it is possible to love my country. Now, I live in America, and, from somebody who's traveled a bit, it's not too bad here. The streets are fairly clean, one is free to say more or less what one thinks (outside of school, of course), and the standard of living is fairly high. So, I like living in the US. However, I could never love America. Loving your country is a bit like loving your race, or loving all those who follow your religion: it feels nice, but it's wrong. America is simply another country. It has its fair share of nice, kind folks. It has its fair share of misers. Fully half of its population is UNDER the average intelligence, as in any other country. Fully half is above the average intelligence, too. Just because you happen to live here doesn't make you in any way superior, or in any way special. Or, for that matter, it doesn't make you in any way inferior to anybody. It doesn't mean that you may not be special, or intelligent, or whatever, it simply means that you're not any of those things just because you're American. Being proud of being American is like being proud of being Christian: how can you be proud of that? If you want to be proud, be proud of your achievements! You've taught yourself quantum physics, that's a reason to be proud. Your artwork just sold for a whole bunch of money, that's a reason to be proud. You have just learned to read Kanji, that's a good reason to be proud. However, being proud because you can wave a cross or a specific flag? Being proud of where, exactly, your house is located? Where's the sense of that? You have no impact on America. You don't, in any significant way, affect it. Were your vote to count for a hundred votes, you'd still not affect the country one whit. Therefore, why be proud of something for which you're not responsible, of something that you haven't created or affected? Call me stupid (odds are some folks will anyway), but I don't get it. I'm not saying to hate America. That's as nonsensical as loving it. What I'm saying is: why have feelings for a giant chunk of land? Why care for a particular government? Love nice people, if you will. Be proud of belonging to Mensa, if you want. Those are things you can, and should, be proud of. But being proud of belonging to a giant organization for which there are no requirements, other than that you be born there? If your self- esteem is THAT low, I'd recommend you talk to psychiatrist, not write to your congressman.

What You Must Know About Music in Education Essay Topics

What You Must Know About Music in Education Essay Topics The Bizarre Secret of Music in Education Essay Topics When you select the essay topics, think if you're able to say something interesting through it. This kind of essay is a favorite in science and history classes. When it is argumentative or informative essays, one must develop a topic that could grab the interest of the reader right away and this isn't such an easy job. The essay is a 3 part contest on the subject of peaceful civic action and worldwide peacemaking. By reading a few works regarding your subject, you might encounter some valuable ideas. You must pay attention to detail. There are some handy tips by following which you're going to be in a position to opt for an attention-grabbing topic. In order to get ample understanding, suitable reading materials ought to be chosen by the contemporary students. Appropriate differentiated coursework is intended to support certain demands of either endorsement. Translation statistics for each component in the JSON format lets you use the data in different sites or tools. The range of homework tasks needs to be decreased. There are various elements involved with research paper topics. Our graduates result in the area of music education across the area and beyond. Graduate programs concentrate on both the research and the tradition of teaching. Quite frequently, students become stuck at their assignments as they just don't understand what things to write about. Ph.D. students leave the program that has many possible career alternatives and pathways ahead. Some people don't believe in the thought of mandatory music education classes. Drop-in visits aren't encouraged. Children who need to set their own schedules can learn to develop into self-sufficient and understand how to budget their time more wisely. A student's average score for several of the four subjects is derived in order to acquire a composite score. There are several other added benefits of music education past the simple fact that most of us enjoy it. If it's not taken care of, it is going to break down. Music in education is critical to our children as it increases their listening abilities and is a familiar process of communication for cultures worldwide. On-campus and internet options exist to fit the requirements of diverse student populations. It is possible to write about whatever you want, but do make sure it's an excellent article. It's important to get the right quantity of data in your article. Furthermore, music is currently known to develop the portion of the brain that's involved in language processing. While general music is normal to all 3 programs, the wide area degree results in certification in all 3 areas. Cheaply constructed flutes are normally more difficult to play, and generate a poor sound quality. Though our taste for music differs, most of us enjoy the sounds and find some sort of joy within them. Sure, it can improve the children abilities to learn other subjects aside from music, but it cannot make people smarter. The present of music is priceless. There are numerous music applications for your phone or tablet that may help you download the very best music for your workouts. Defend it since it is music, and that's all of the reason it needs. Reagans brief composition is most likely one of the much better well-argued pro-life essays ever written. The system contains a string of pieces covering a wide variety of genres. Music in Education Essay Topics: No Longer a Mystery Ultimately, write about what you desire. Romanticism in some areas of the world influenced Romantic writers in different areas of the world. Attempt to present your readers with some intriguing events in the area of music along with show their influence on the modern society.

Fat. Fat - Fat - 973 Words

Fat. Fat. Fat. That’s all I see in the mirror anymore. I am fat and that makes me ugly. No one could possibly love and care for a fat, ugly person. That’s what my dad shouted when he left my mom for a prettier, skinnier, perfect-looking woman. If he would leave her for that reason, then someone will probably leave me for it too. I won’t allow for that to happen. My thighs are the size of giant sequoias that grow in California. My stomach will never become flat enough. These ribs that stick out of me need to go. They only weigh me down. My roommates tell me things like, â€Å"Adele, you’re too skinny.† I don’t believe them; they’re just jealous that I will be able to reach perfection before they do. I take my glance off of the mirror and find my bathroom scale. I exhale and step onto the small, white contraption. It reads 98.2. A sigh of exasperation escapes my lips as that dreadful number pops up. I knew I should have only ate two crac kers yesterday; three proved to be too much. I no longer can trust food. All those little calories, carbs, and fats are out to get me. I think of them as little, disgusting, green bugs. It helps discourage me from eating no matter how much my tiny, shrunken stomach protests. On the days that I feel really fat, like today, I will eat a cracker and take a few sips of water at the most. Other days, I might feel generous and indulge in two or three crackers and maybe a small piece of fruit. I have to meet my goal weight of 95 lbs by Friday, and it’sShow MoreRelatedFats and Oils2370 Words   |  10 PagesFATS AND OIL DEFINITION: Fats and oils, group of organic substances that form an important part of the diet and also are useful in many industries. The fats are usually solid, the oils generally liquid at ordinary room temperatures. Some tropical products, liquids in their sites of origin, become solids in cooler climates; in commerce these often retain the name originally given, e.g., palm oil and coconut oil. 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